A mountain settlement and resort • Makov – Kopanice • ~1,000 m a.s.l.
A settlement on the Javorníky ridge that Moravia and Hungary pulled over for five hundred years. Today it is the gateway to Veľký Javorník.
High above Makov, in the Kopanice part of the village, lies a settlement named after soldiers – Kasárne, the best-known mountain place in Makov and the starting point for the Javorníky ridge. The border with Czechia is a few steps from the settlement, and about three kilometres of waymarked path lead from here to the highest summit of the range.
Why come here
The meadows above the settlement open views of the Moravian-Silesian Beskids and the Malá Fatra, and in good visibility as far as Hrubý Jeseník and the Strážovské vrchy. On the way across the meadows you can pick bilberries in summer. The border between the two countries also runs along the ridge – you walk right along it.
When to come
In summer people set out from here on ridge walks and mountain bikes. The routes lead through meadows and beech woods of the Kysuce Protected Landscape Area. In winter a ski resort runs here with three slopes and evening skiing; along the ridge goes a cross-country magistrála between Kysuce and Wallachia.
What not to miss
A waymarked path leads from the settlement to Veľký Javorník, the highest summit of the Javorníky (1,071.5 m). A short way further along the ridge you will find the wooden lookout tower on Stratenec and the Three Crosses memorial. Further west again lies the place called Portáš, named after a portáš patrol – see the portáš graves.
For five centuries lands and states pulled this piece of mountain back and forth. In the end it was named by the soldiers who guarded the border here.
1522–1734
The country between the Javorníky ridge and the Vsetínská Bečva, called Urgatina, originally belonged to Moravia. In 1522, however, the Hungarian king Louis granted the wish of the Podmanický family and – without seeking the consent of the Moravian land diet or even telling the Moravian lords – moved the land boundary as far as the Vsetínská Bečva.
Two centuries of commissions and raids followed: livestock and people seized, dwellings burned. The year 1733 alone left thirteen dead. Both sides agreed a compromise boundary on 31 August 1734; the emperor first approved it provisionally in 1735 and confirmed it definitively in 1738, once the maps of the surveyed boundary were finished. The territory of today's settlement stayed outside Moravia.
Where the name came from
There used to be a guard post in the settlement for the protection of the border between Moravia and Hungary.
Then, when an epidemic of cholera broke out in Hungary, in 1833 barracks went up here for the soldiers who guarded the border and kept people from the Hungarian side from crossing it. The aim was to prevent the infection reaching Moravia.
The buildings are long gone; the name from the military guard on the border has stayed with the settlement to this day.
The 20th century to today
Skiing on these slopes began under the interwar republic. After the Second World War ski lifts multiplied, along with club and private chalets built mainly by enterprises from Zlín, Vsetín and Otrokovice; the access road came only from the Moravian side.
After Czechoslovakia divided, the chalets of Moravian owners were left across the border. The Czech government offered an exchange for other territory, the Slovak side accepted no variant and built a new road into the settlement from Makov. The dispute over the land under the chalets was taken up by the prime ministers of both countries in 2001; the border stayed where 1734 had drawn it – and thanks to Schengen you now cross it anywhere and without stopping.
Timeline
1522
The Hungarian king Louis grants the wish of the Podmanickýs and moves the land boundary to the Vsetínská Bečva – without the consent of the Moravian diet. Violent clashes begin.
1734
After the year 1733 with its thirteen dead, both sides agree on a compromise boundary on 31 August; the emperor first approves it provisionally in 1735 and confirms it definitively in 1738, once the maps of the surveyed boundary are finished. The territory of today's settlement stays outside Moravia.
1833
In the settlement with its border guard post, barracks are built for the soldiers who, during the cholera epidemic in Hungary, keep the infection from reaching Moravia. They give the settlement its name.
the interwar republic
Skiing on these slopes gains in popularity; after the Second World War ski lifts multiply here, along with club and private chalets built mainly by enterprises from Zlín, Vsetín and Otrokovice.
1939–1945
The border of the Protectorate and the Slovak State is laid out so that the whole disputed territory belongs to Moravia. After the war the boundary of 1734 returns; some of the wartime border markers still stand.
1993–2001
After Czechoslovakia divides, a boundary commission discusses an exchange of territory; the border does not change. The dispute over the land under the Moravian chalets reaches the prime ministers in 2001.
today
The settlement is a popular centre for summer and winter walking and skiing; the border on the ridge is one you now cross without noticing.
The border ridge route to Veľký Javorník and the one to the Partisan memorial follow the same brown line, only in opposite directions; the green line heads through Greguše to Melocík.
red (E3)
The path from the settlement climbs through open meadows past the ski slope before it joins the border ridge.
The highest point of the Javorníky. The lookout tower on neighbouring Stratenec and the Three Crosses are a short way further along the ridge.
The ridge carries on past the place called Portáš to Stratenec – three crosses with a lookout tower on the ridge a short way beyond the Czech-Slovak border.
red (E3)
The waymarked path keeps to the border ridge and passes the turning down to the source of the Kysuca.
The bronze statue of 1975 recalls the partisans' crossing of the border in 1944, by the Makov pass.
The same ridge route carries on past the Tripoint to the Bumbálka saddle – a border crossing with a car park and the Bílá, Bumbálka, státní hranice bus stop.
red
Over the Čierna voda saddle you reach the log cottages, the wooden bell tower and Dolmen života a smrti.
The route carries on below Čerenka to the Melocík restaurant on the main road between Bytča and Makov – in winter the groomed cross-country ski trail runs along it too.
After the military barracks that went up here in 1833 because of the cholera epidemic in Hungary – the soldiers were to prevent the infection reaching Moravia. The buildings are long gone; the name stayed.
In Slovakia, in the Kopanice part of the village of Makov. The Czech-Slovak border runs only a few steps from the settlement.
Since the compromise agreement of 31 August 1734, which the emperor first approved provisionally in 1735 and confirmed definitively in 1738. With a single wartime break (1939–1945) it has held ever since.
About three kilometres of waymarked path lead from the settlement to the highest summit of the Javorníky (1,071.5 m a.s.l.).
Otázka 1 z 4
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